软件包管理工具Homebrew

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Mac OS X是基于Unix的操作系统, Homebrew可以安装大部分为Unix/Linux开发的软件。
Homebrew - macOS 不可或缺的套件管理器

安装

Mac OS X自带Ruby，打开命令行Terminal，输入ruby --version或ruby -v查看Ruby版本

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ruby 2.3.0p0 (2015-12-25 revision 53290) [x86_64-darwin16]

打开命令行Terminal，输入

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/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

执行完成即可安装成功。

查看版本和帮助信息

打开命令行Terminal，输入brew --version或brew -v查看brew版本：Homebrew 1.1.11；
打开命令行Terminal，输入brew或brew help查看brew帮助信息：

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Example usage:
  brew search [TEXT|/REGEX/]
  brew (info|home|options) [FORMULA...]
  brew install FORMULA...
  brew update
  brew upgrade [FORMULA...]
  brew uninstall FORMULA...
  brew list [FORMULA...]
Troubleshooting:
  brew config
  brew doctor
  brew install -vd FORMULA
Developers:
  brew create [URL [--no-fetch]]
  brew edit [FORMULA...]
  http://docs.brew.sh/Formula-Cookbook.html
Further help:
  man brew
  brew help [COMMAND]
  brew home

使用方法

搜索

安装前不确定或者记不全软件的名字，使用brew search [TEXT|/REGEX/]来进行搜索

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$ brew search /wge*/
flowgrind           libmowgli           rawgl               wget ✔
liblwgeom           pwgen               sf-pwgen            wgetpaste

安装&卸载

安装和卸载一个软件，命令分别是brew install wget、
brew uninstall wget

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$ brew install wget
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/wget-1.19.1.sierra.bottle.t
Already downloaded: /Users/sun/Library/Caches/Homebrew/wget-1.19.1.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> Pouring wget-1.19.1.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/wget/1.19.1: 10 files, 1.6MB
$ brew uninstall wget
Uninstalling /usr/local/Cellar/wget/1.19.1... (10 files, 1.6MB)

说明：Homebrew 会将软件安装到独立目录(/usr/local/Cellar/)，并将文件软链接至/usr/local，所以无需担心 Homebrew 的安装位置。

隐藏命令

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brew services
brew services
    Easily start and stop formulae via launchctl
    Integrates Homebrew formulae with OS X's launchctl manager. Services can be
    added to either /Library/LaunchDaemons or ~/Library/LaunchAgents.
    Basically, items in /Library/LaunchDaemons are started at boot, while those
    in ~/Library/LaunchAgents are started at login.
    When started with sudo, it operates on /Library/LaunchDaemons; otherwise,
    it operates on ~/Library/LaunchAgents.
    On start the plist file is generated and written to a Tempfile, and then
    copied to the launch path (existing plists are overwritten).
    [sudo] brew services list
    List all running services for the current user (or root)
    [sudo] brew services run formula|--all
    Run the service formula without starting at login (or boot).
    [sudo] brew services start formula|--all
    Install and start the service formula at login (or boot).
    [sudo] brew services stop formula|--all
    Stop the service formula after it was launched at login (or boot).
    [sudo] brew services restart formula|--all
    Stop (if necessary), install and start the service formula at login (or boot).
    [sudo] brew services cleanup
    Remove all unused services.

其他命令

  • brew list 列出已安装的软件

  • brew update 更新Homebrew

  • brew upgarde 更新所有package

  • brew home 用浏览器打开Homebrew的官方网站

  • brew info 显示软件信息

  • brew deps 显示包依赖

  • brew server 启动web服务器，可以通过浏览器访问http://localhost:4567/ 来同网页来管理包